A 25 page list of STUDIES and case reports on the medical
effectiveness of cannabis and single cannabinoids, grouped
according to indication, preparation and kind of study is available
at:
http://www.cannabis-med.org/english/studies.htm
* USA: New Mexico is working on rules for manufacturing
cannabis for medical use
* Science/USA: Rapid rise seen in fatal medication errors at home
* Science/UK: According to a report by the British Drug Policy
Commission drug law enforcement is not working
1.
USA: New Mexico is working on rules for manufacturing
cannabis for medical use
The Department of Health of New Mexico announced on 24 July
that it will hold a public hearing on 8 September to take comments
on regulations that would set up rules for patient identification
cards and a regulated system for licensing, distributing and
manufacturing medical cannabis. The state law that took effect in
July 2007 allows the medical use of cannabis for serious illnesses.
So far, the department has approved 169 people for medical
cannabis.
New Mexico has been careful in drafting its regulations because
no other state has developed rules for a distribution and production
system, Dr. Alfredo Vigil of the Health Department said. The
state proposes two types of licensed producers: a qualified patient
who can produce up to four mature plants for personal use only
and a non-profit private entity operating a facility limited to 95
mature plants and seedlings at any time. The regulations include
measures to prevent unauthorized cannabis use by requiring
criminal background checks for applicants and security measures
for facilities.
(Source: Associated Press of 24 July 2008)
2.
Science/USA: Rapid rise seen in fatal medication errors at home
Deaths from medication mistakes at home rose dramatically
during the past two decades, an analysis of U.S. death certificates
finds. The authors blame soaring home use of prescription
painkillers and other potent medicinal drugs. The findings, based
on nearly 50 million U.S. death certificates, are published in
Archives of Internal Medicine. Deaths from medication mistakes
at home increased from 1,132 deaths in 1983 to 12,426 in 2004.
Adjusted for population growth, that amounts to an increase of
more than 700 per cent during that time.
In contrast, there was only a 5 per cent increase in fatal
medication errors away from home, including hospitals. Abuse of
prescription drugs plays a role, but it's unclear how much. Valid
prescriptions taken in error, especially narcotics (opioids), account
for a growing number of deaths, said experts who reviewed the
study. Multiple prescription drugs such as sleeping pills and pain
medication taken at once, as well as the intake together with
alcohol and illegal drugs also play a part. There were no
significant increases in other poisonings like suicidal overdoses or
murder.
More at:
http://hosted.ap.org/dynamic/stories/M/MED_FATAL_DRUG_ERRORS?SITE=VTBEN&SECTION=HOME&TEMPLATE=DEFAULT
(Sources: Associated Press of 29 July 2008; Phillips DP, Barker
GEC, Eguchi MM. A steep increase in domestic fatal medication
errors with use of alcohol and/or street drugs. Arch Intern Med
2008;168:1561-6.)
3.
Science/UK: According to a report by the British Drug Policy
Commission drug law enforcement is not working
In their study "Tackling drug markets and distribution networks in
the UK: a review of the recent literature" the UK Drug Policy
Commission reported that British illegal drug markets are
"extremely resilient" and that increasing seizures of drugs had had
only little impact on the availability of illegal drugs. The Drug
Policy Commission is a non-governmental institution. Latest
figures estimate the size of the UK illicit drug market to be 5.3
billion British Pounds (about 6,7 billion Euros or 10,5 billion US
Dollars).
"The authors were unable to locate any comprehensive published
UK evidence of the relative effectiveness of different
enforcement approaches. They were also not able to identify any
published comparative cost-benefit or value-for-money analysis
for different interventions within the UK," researchers wrote.
Despite spending hundreds of millions of pounds each year on
drug enforcement, "there is remarkably little evidence of its
effectiveness in disrupting markets and reducing availability," the
authors concluded. "Enforcement can have a significant and
unintended negative impact on the nature and extent of harms
associated with drugs and this should be recognised and
minimised," they also noted.
More at:
http://www.ukdpc.org.uk/Publications.shtml
(Source: UK Drug Policy Commission. Tackling drug markets and
distribution networks in the UK: a review of the recent literature.
30 July 2008)
4.
News in brief
***Science: Schizophrenia
A Cochrane review was conducted by the Cochrane
Schizophrenia Group at the University of Nottingham, UK, to
evaluate the effects of cannabis use on people with schizophrenia
and schizophrenia-like illnesses. Only one randomised trial was
identified, which did not find a significant effect of cannabis on
schizophrenia. Researchers concluded that "at present, there is
insufficient evidence to support or refute the use of
cannabis/cannabinoid compounds for people suffering with
schizophrenia." (Source: Rathbone J, et al. Cochrane Database
Syst Rev 2008;(3):CD004837.)
***Science: Schizophrenia
Researchers at Flinders University of Adelaide, Australia, asked
patients with schizophrenia, why they used cannabis despite the
drug may worsen the course of the disease. Patients responded
that they used cannabis for "control of symptoms, to feel normal,
perceived improvement in cognitive function, reduced
psychological pain and increased energy." Authors noted that "this
research has implications for clinical practice as clinicians may
lack insight into the importance of the phenomenological beliefs of
a person with schizophrenia." (Source: Costain WF. Int J Ment
Health Nurs 2008;17(4):227-35.)
***Spain: Cannabis harvest
A group called Association of Vigo for the Study of Marijuana
(Asociación Viguesa de Estudios de María, AVE María) reported
that their collective harvest of cannabis is under way and that
some of the cannabis will be given to patients who use it
medicinally. The association produces cannabis only for their
members. According to decisions by courts in Catalonia and the
Basque region in 2006 cannabis clubs such as AVE Maria are
legal, since the possession of cannabis for personal use is legal in
Spain. (Source: www.farodevigo.es of 1 August 2008)
***Science: Neuropathic pain
Researchers of the University of Georgia reported that the
selective activation of cannabinoid CB2 receptors suppressed
neuropathic pain induced by the chemotherapeutic agent paclitaxel
in rats. (Source: Rahn EJ, et al. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2008 Jul
29. [Electronic publication ahead of print])
***Science: Hemp foods
US researchers investigated the presence of THC in 79 hemp
products and noted that THC levels in "currently marketed hemp
products are significantly lower than in those products available
before 2003". THC concentrations ranged from none detected to
117.5 mg/kg material. No THC was detected in 58 per cent of the
products marketed before a change of the Code of Federal
Regulations (CFR) concerning the listing of THC and 86 per cent
of the products produced after the change of the CFR. (Source:
Holler JM, et al. J Anal Toxicol 2008;32(6):428-32.)
5.
ONE YEAR AGO:
- Science/UK: A widely cited new review supports earlier studies
that the use of cannabis is associated with an increased risk of
psychosis
- Europe: Withdrawal of current regulatory application for Sativex
- Science: With the use of cannabis tea only a small proportion of
THC in the cannabis is ingested
TWO YEARS AGO:
- Science: Nabilone effective in the treatment of chronic pain in
clinical study
- Canada: Health Canada looking for a new supplier of cannabis
for medical use
- Science: Topical application of a natural endocannabinoid
effective in reducing pruritus in clinical study
(More at the IACM-Bulletin archives: http://www.cannabis-
med.org/)
International Association for Cannabis as Medicine (IACM)
Am Mildenweg 6
D-59602 Ruethen
Germany
Phone: +49 (0)2952-9708571
Fax: +49 (0)2952-902651
Email: info@cannabis-med.org
http://www.cannabis-med.org
If you want to be added to the IACM-Bulletin mailing list please visit www.cannabis-med.org/english/subscribe.htm. You may choose between different languages (English, German, French, Dutch, Italian and Spanish).
The articles of the IACM-Bulletin can be printed, translated and
distributed freely for any non-commercial purposes, provided the
original work is properly cited. The source of the IACM-Bulletin
is "IACM, www.cannabis-med.org".
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